What Is the Most Common Complication of Hip Arthroscopy?

Hip arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure widely used to treat labral tears, hip impingement (FAI), and cartilage damage. While the success rate is high, patients often ask about potential risks.

The most common complication of hip arthroscopy is temporary nerve irritation, usually affecting the skin around the thigh or groin. This occurs in up to 5–10% of patients but typically resolves on its own within days to weeks.

Why Does Nerve Irritation Happen?

During hip arthroscopy, traction (gentle pulling) is applied to the leg to create space inside the joint. While necessary for visibility and instrument use, traction can place pressure on surrounding nerves.

This pressure may lead to:

• Numbness in the thigh or groin
• Tingling or burning sensations
• Temporary weakness in rare cases

Most symptoms are short-lived and improve without further treatment.

Other Possible Complications of Hip Arthroscopy

Although less common, other risks include:

Stiffness or Scar Tissue

• Some patients may experience restricted movement post-surgery.
• Physiotherapy is key to preventing and treating stiffness.

Residual Pain

• A small percentage of patients may continue to feel pain if underlying arthritis or joint damage is more advanced than expected.

Infection

• Rare (less than 1% of cases).
• Usually prevented with antibiotics and sterile surgical technique.

Blood Clots (Deep Vein Thrombosis)

• Extremely rare, but possible after any lower-limb surgery.
• Early mobilisation and, in some cases, blood-thinning medication help reduce risk.

Revision Surgery

• A small number of patients may need another procedure if symptoms persist or new issues develop.

How Common Are Complications Overall?

Hip arthroscopy is considered very safe, with complication rates below 5% in most studies. The vast majority of issues are minor and temporary, with long-term serious complications being rare.

Reducing the Risk of Complications

Surgeons take several steps to minimise risks, including:

• Careful traction monitoring to protect nerves
• Meticulous surgical technique
• Post-operative physiotherapy to encourage mobility
• Monitoring for early signs of infection or clots

Patients can also reduce risks by following recovery guidelines, attending physiotherapy sessions, and reporting unusual symptoms promptly.

Conclusion

The most common complication of hip arthroscopy is temporary nerve irritation, usually presenting as numbness or tingling around the thigh or groin. Fortunately, this is typically short-lived and resolves without long-term effects.

Overall, hip arthroscopy has a strong safety record, and most patients achieve excellent outcomes with minimal risks. A detailed discussion with your surgeon can help set realistic expectations and ensure you feel confident about the procedure.